Which type of claim requires a third-party to seek damages against an insurer?

The correct answer is that a third-party claim involves a situation where one person (the third party) seeks damages from an insurer for losses incurred due to the actions of the insured party. In this context, the insurer is responsible for covering the damages caused by their policyholder to another individual.

In a third-party claim scenario, the injured party (the third party) asserts that the insured's actions caused them harm or loss, and they pursue compensation for that damage. This is fundamentally different from first-party claims, where the policyholder seeks to recover for their own losses under their own insurance policy.

Comprehensive claims and liability claims do not explicitly refer to the relationship between a third party and an insurer in the same way that third-party claims do. Comprehensive claims generally pertain to coverage for specific types of property damage or loss, while liability claims focus on responsibility for civil wrongs, but they do not inherently require a third party to be involved in the same capacity as outlined in third-party claims.